This is a little more complicated than installing Apache.
The best bet is to install from packages since this will make things easier, both now and for upgrades.
If you decide to install from source code, you'll need to create a user and compile the source.
Create a PostgreSQL user (you'll need root access). This is who owns the system. I use the "postgres" user and group, you can use something different but it's best to keep it related to the package.
See your system documentation on how to do this (hint - man useradd). Give the user a home directory of /usr/local/pgsql as this is where PostgreSQL defaults to when it installs.
Once all that is done, untar the source:
$ tar -zxf postgresql-
or
$ tar -xjf postgresql-
Jump into the directory:
$ cd postgresql-
(replace
Again, configure has a lot of help:
$ ./configure --help
We'll just install into /usr/local/pgsql and leave the rest as-is:
$ ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/pgsql
Next we have to make it (this will take a while, it takes longer than Apache):
$ make
You will get a line:
All of PostgreSQL successfully made. Ready to install.
when everything is finished.
You'll need to log in as root to do the rest:
$ su -
Go back to the postgresql directory and do:
# make install
PostgreSQL doesn't allow root to start up the server for security reasons, so next you'll have to change the owner of the files:
# chown -R postgres:postgres /usr/local/pgsql
Change to the postgres user:
# su - postgres
Then, change to /usr/local/pgsql:
$ cd /usr/local/pgsql
We need to initialize a database cluster:
$ bin/initdb -D ./data
This will create a /usr/local/pgsql/data directory and initialize it ready for startup and use.
As usual, you can view options by using the --help switch:
$ bin/initdb --help
Then you can start:
$ bin/pg_ctl -D ./data -l data/logfile start
Now that postgresql is started, we need to create a database and another user before we go any further.
You should use a separate database for each of our projects, it's not essential though - it just makes things a little cleaner and easier to understand.
You should also use separate users for each database. This keeps everything separate and 'project a' won't be able to modify any of 'project b's data.
To create a new user in postgresql, it's pretty simple:
$ /usr/local/pgsql/bin/createuser
and follow the prompts - pretty simple :)
The new user should not be able to create new databases or create new users.
To create a database, it's a little different.
$ /usr/local/pgsql/bin/createdb --owner=username databasename
We have to set the owner of the database when we create it, otherwise the 'postgres' user owns it and then we have to grant access to allow our new user to access it.
Now that that's all done, log out of the postgres user, so we're back as root. In the postgres directory, the contrib/start-scripts/ directory has a few system start up scripts
Useful installation instruction from http://www.designmagick.com/article/2/Starting-Out/Installing-PostgreSQL
